【长难句】

 

"While we argue phasing out racial terminology (术语) in the biological sciences, we also acknowledge that using race as a political or social category to study racism, although filled with lots of challenges, remains necessary given our need to understand how structural inequities and discrimination produce health disparities (差异) between groups."

 

【句子拆分】

 

主语 we

 

谓语 acknowledge

 

宾语 that using race as a political or social category to study racism, although filled with lots of challenges, remains necessary given our need to understand how structural inequities and discrimination produce health disparities (差异) between groups

 

【单词解析】

 

单词

 

racial

 

音标

 

[ˈreɪʃ(ə)l]

 

中文词意

 

adj. 种族的；人种的

 

【语法分析】

 

这句话是一个复合句，前面的"while...sciences"引导让步状语从句，后面的主句中"we"是主语，"acknowledge"是谓语，从"that"开始，后面的一串都算是宾语从句。宾语从句的主语"using race"，后面的"as...category"是方式状语，"to study racism"是前面"a political or social category"的后置定语。"although...challenges"是宾语从句的让步状语，"remain"是系词，"necessary"是表语，"given our need"是条件状语，"to understand..."是"need"的定语，"understand" 后面跟着一个宾语从句，这个宾语从句中主语是"structural...discrimination"，谓语"produce"，宾语是"health...groups"

 

【译文】

 

“虽然我们认为在生物科学里要逐渐淘汰种族术语，但我们也承认，考虑到我们需要了解结构性的不平等和歧视使如何使群体之间产生健康差异的，将种族用作研究种族主义的政治或社会范畴仍有必要，尽管这充满了挑战” that using race as a political or social category to study racism, although filled with lots of challenges, remains necessary given our need to understand how structural inequities and discrimination produce health disparities (差异) between groups.

 

【考情分析】

 

这句话还是有点内容的，问题主要集中在主句上，而且是主句的宾语上。主句的宾语是个从句，原本的内容从"that using race...between groups"，很长的一段。实际上这个宾语从句的主干就是"using race remains necessary"，主系表句型，动名词结构"using race"做主语，"remain"在这是系动词。其它的修饰结构在语法结构中都分析过了，在这儿稍微说一下"given our need"这一块， 这是"given"作介词的用法，当这个单词作介词时后面就可以接宾语，整体构成条件状语，词义当"考虑到"等类似意思，本句中就是这样的用法。